Definition
1, Ship specialized equipment and
accessories for rescue or salvage collectively when in danger.
2, On ship can be configured separately in
the sea of floating or running a variety of life-saving tools. Commonly used
lifesaving equipment with a lifeboat, life raft, life cycle and life jackets,
etc.. The International Convention for the safety of life at sea has specific
requirements for life saving equipment.
Summary
Marine life-saving work should include the
preparation, embarkation, survival, signal and communication, search and rescue
etc six aspects, only every work to meet the corresponding equipment of marine
life, and each set of equipment are in line with the technical requirements, make
a complete rescue system. In order to ensure the life to realize the purpose.
Ship life-saving equipment is important measures to protect the life and safety
of personnel on board.The performance of sea rescue and rescue equipment must
comply with the relevant conventions, norms and requirements of the agreement.
In 1983, the international maritime organization by the SOLAS Convention and
develop as a transitional requirements of marine life-saving equipment
specification and technical performance of ship lifesaving equipment, equipped
with a variety of rescue equipment, various rescue equipment are clearly
defined.
Composition
of life saving equipment
Ship life-saving appliances including
rescue boats, lifeboats, life rafts, life floating, personal survival
equipment, missile throwing apparatus, communication equipment, smoke signal
light , liferaft embarkation and landing gear.
Rescue boat is maritime rescue command
craft and emergency lifeboat. It has fast enough, good mobility and
manipulation, can quickly to rescue the drowning person, aggregation and towing
full load occupant.
Lifeboat and life raft is a life - saving
vehicle which is capable of not only to evacuate passengers, but also to allow
passengers to be not immersed in sea water.
Lifebuoy can support personnel in distress
in life-saving appliances floating in the water, and generally refers to a
lifebuoy and lifejacket.
Personal life saving equipment can support
a single person floating in the water of life appliances, generally refers to
the life buoy, life jacket, warm life jacket, anti-immersion suit and thermal
insulation bag.
Polishing equipment is refers to the life-saving
appliances ejection to a certain distance to rescue drowning the catapult and
projectile cable accurately ejection to the desired position. To help build
contact with vessel in distress ,rescue ship or shore.
The smoke signal is used to display the
location of person in distress, so that it is easy to be found in the daytime or
at night. Mainly has the self-bright floating light, the hand flame signal, the
parachute signal and so on.
Lifeboat equipment requirements is very
high, the general principle is: in an emergency can immediately use. Under the
harsh climate and working conditions can use safe, should make the person in
distress sea for a long time to sustain life; easy to find by rescue personnel
and rescue.
The
following factors shall be taken into account in the arrangement of life saving
equipment.
1, the lifeboat should be reasonable
placement, in order to ensure that emergency situations can be safely and
quickly discharged. Should be close to the living and service premises, so that
operator and staff of the collection board. In the length direction should be
as close as possible to the middle of a ship ,from the bow should be at least 1
/ 3 of captain, so as not to affect the driving room line of sight or hinder mooring
operations. In addition to the free throw fall lifeboat, general lifeboat
should be away from the propeller and stern protruding parts, so as to avoid
the water landing by stern flow. In the beam direction should be as close to
the ship without prominent outboard. In the height direction is best placed in same
layer of deck. If boat is divided into several layers, it should be able to put
the boat at same time without interfering with each other. The boat from
waterline have a certain height, to avoid the drain or take corresponding
measures.
2, rescue boats or emergency lifeboat
should be located near cab to facilitate the landing and recovery of premises.
3, the life raft should be stored in an
emergency place can immediately take. The hanging type life raft should be
arranged in the vicinity of suspended raft.
4, the survival of floating buoy should be
stored in the place can quickly drop off.
5, the buoy should be kept accessible in
the two sides of ship's personnel premises, at least 1 placed bow and stern.
Life buoy should be kept on both sides of the cab with the self - bright
floating light and the spontaneous smoke signal. Life rings shall not be
permanently fixed, and shall be easy to use at any time.
6, life jacket should be stored in the
staff stay or easy to reach place. The use of life jackets on duty should be
kept in the vicinity of duty office.
7, the rope and smoke signal should be
placed in the cab room or near, and can quickly take.
8, Davit should ensure boat, raft in a
certain aspect rolling of ship and a certain speed can be safely and quickly
landed.
9, the lifeboat and rescue boat and life
raft embarkation ladder location must be set.
10, lifeboat, rescue boat and life raft
should be set up static release device.
General
requirements for life-saving equipment
1, the air temperature within the -30 to
+65 DEG C during storage without damage;
2, -1 to +30 degrees in the sea water,
should be able to fully use;
3, should prevent decay, corrosion
resistance, is not affected by sea water, oil or fungal invasion of the
excessive impact;
4, such as exposure to sunlight, should be
able to resist aging;
5, in all help to detect location of color easy
to see;
6, in the help to detect location of
install reverse reflective material;
7, if must be used in the wind and waves,
should be able to work satisfied.
In view of life saving equipment is an
important aspect of ship's safe operation, regulations on the ship should be
equipped with a variety of life-saving equipment , as well as their layout and
performance has made a clear provision. Like the international sailing ship
legal checking technical rules "on international sailing ship survival
craft equipped with requirements on each side at least should be equipped with
1 set full enclosed lifeboats. Port and starboard lifeboats total capacity
should be able to accommodate the total number of persons on board. At the same
time, also equipped with one or more inflatable or rigid life raft, to be placed
in a single open deck where convenience port to port transfer, and its total
capacity to accommodate equal total number of persons on board. If the raft is
not stored in the above position, then the total capacity available on each
side shall be sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons on board.
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