Definition
1, Ship Deck Machine to twist the rope.
2, winch to maintain and twist the rope in
tension, and can store the rope also called mooring winch.
Brief introduction
Winch or mooring winch, mainly used to
twist the rope. Bow mooring machinery is performed by windlass drum, some large
ship at the bow designed special mooring winch; middle ship rope by cargo winch
drum twist, some large ships also dedicated mooring winch; on the stern deck is
another mooring winch or mooring capstan.
Winch has vertical or horizontal. Vertical winch
called capstan. According to the power different divided steam winch, electric
winch and hydraulic winch.
Type
According to the power source, electric
winch and hydraulic winch, steam winch used on some tanker. According to the
axial direction of drum, can be divided into horizontal and vertical cable
winch.
Horizontal winch
General horizontal winch drum is driven by
the motor after drive operation, the deck occupies a larger area.
Vertical winch
Vertical winch, also known as mooring capstan,
because of the power device is generally located in below deck, so a small area
occupied of deck and conducive to protect machine.
Automatic tension mooring winch
Automatic tension winch full automatic
tension adjustment winch. At present, many large ships have been installed
automatic mooring. The power source of the automatic mooring winch is electric
and hydraulic. The basic principle is winch drum applied a adjustable torque,
in order to maintain a balance of mooring line tension caused by vessel moment.
When ship due to change of draft or by tides, wind effects, leading to the
mooring rope tension decreased to deviate from the prescribed value, automatic
winch can accordingly automatic retractable cable, to stable tension to the
specified value. In this way, can prevent the cable break, ensure mooring
safety, and reduce the labor intensity and operating personnel on duty.
When the cable relaxation and tension
decreases, it can automatically control pressure regulating valve action
pressure valve closure, high pressure oil pump discharge high pressure oil into
the hydraulic motor, drive shaft and drum along the clockwise rotation, the
relaxation cable wrung.
When the tension reaches the original
value, the pressure valve is automatically opened, most of the pressure oil
flow into the tank, small amount of oil into the hydraulic motor to add the
amount of leakage oil, so that the drum stops rotating. When the mooring
tension is greater than the hydraulic fluid brake force, mooring will boost
motor reversing loose cable.
The hydraulic motor is inverted and is
mixed with the oil liquid discharged from the high pressure liquid pump, and
the pressure regulating valve is a low pressure liquid circulation. The
automatic mooring machine must have the corresponding rotating guide device
(universal cable guide fairlead).
Because the automatic winch must roll
mooring cable on the winch drum, a limited number of. General cargo is usually
only two bow rope and two stern rope can be automatically retracted, can only
satisfy the general situation. And when the ship's draft great changes or due
to tidal and wind the cable tension variation is large, still need artificial
timely adjustment of all cables. According to the requirements of IMO, the oil
tanker parked, the automatic tension winch should be placed in the "un-automatic"
working status.
Installation requirements and inspection
methods for winch
Winch device have windlass assemble mooring
device device and crane assemble mooring device, the installation of such units
to install corresponding windlass, winch. Special mooring device installation, mooring
winch frame should be according to the pattern size on the deck erection and
welding, welding specifications should be consistent with the pattern, without such
as weld cracks, leakage welding, welding slag, arc pit defects. The base pad
(including lateral base) surface processing after welding should be carried
out, outward tilt is less than 1: 100 requirements.
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